This article first appeared in the 200810
issue of BD+C.
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| The restoration of the long-dark historic theatre bordering San Diego’s Gaslamp District returns the Historic Register landmark to original 1924 splendor, while transforming it into a functional multi-use performing arts center accommodating diverse programs and community gatherings. A 22-year effort and comprehensive $26.5 million phased project solved space constraints and technical requirements. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In 1985, the city of San Diego ordered the historic Balboa Theatre, its beleaguered performing arts center, to be shuttered due to seismic safety concerns. It would take another two decades to restore the landmark building. The theater enjoyed many years in the spotlight before beginning its slow creep toward dereliction. Opened in 1924, the Spanish Revival-style
As early as 1959, the theater was threatened with destruction, but in 1972 Balboa made it onto the local Historic Register, followed in 1992 with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1985, the shuttered building was acquired by Centre City Development Corporation (CCDC), which was intent on restoring the building and establishing it as the cornerstone of Horton Plaza, a 1,500-acre retail and commercial redevelopment project in downtown San Diego. CCDC engaged the Phoenix office of architect Westlake Reed Leskosky in1986, but financial considerations kept the theater’s restoration on hold for years as Horton Plaza grew up around it. Horton Plaza’s success ultimately paid for the theater’s $26.5 million restoration. Money generated by the redevelopment, in the form of rising property values and tax revenue, augmented by a successful bond issue in 2002, was funneled into Balboa. That was the good news. The bad news was that the surrounding development had landlocked the theater. When restoration finally began in earnest in 2006, there was no possibility of expanding the theater beyond its existing footprint; all the modern requirements for staging, performance, and support spaces had to fit into the existing 45,113-sf building. Balboa Theatre first underwent a seismic retrofit. Extensive analysis by San Diego-based structural engineer Curry Price Court determined that the theater’s nonductile concrete frame and hollow clay walls with tile infill could be fitted with a supplemental shotcrete shear wall system to control displacement and provide composite seismic strength close to that of new construction. With the structure shored up, the Building Team concentrated on creating a state-of-the-art performance space while preserving the theater’s old glamour. New plumbing, mechanical, electrical, and performance systems, including rigging, lighting, and audio/visual technology, were installed. The theater was air conditioned for the first time. It was fitted with a custom air-handling unit connected to the orchestra and balcony levels that uses fan-wall technology for quieter operation, lower horsepower, and a smaller footprint—a big bonus when every square foot counts. Restoration work focused on six public spaces: the entry rotunda; the stage house; the audience chamber; and the mezzanine, salon, and orchestra-level lobbies. Dropped ceilings, dirt, oxidation, heavy tarnishing, over-painting, and years of neglect masked the theater’s original ornamentation. Careful repair work saved some details while others had to be replicated. Forensic research revealed the theater’s original purple, turquoise, rose, and earth-tone color palette. Murals in the salon were uncovered. The Building Team was able to reproduce the stage curtain based on a surviving glass plate negative of the original fabric. Waterfalls flanking the stage were brought back to working order, and a new blade sign and marquee were added outside. Last January, houselights illuminated the historic Balboa Theatre for the first time in 23 years. The judges lauded the Building Team’s attention to detail, which enabled the thoroughly modern theater to retain its rich, historic aesthetic. “This is an incredible, beautiful renovation,” said Lucien Lagrange, AIA, principal at Chicago-based Lucien Lagrange Architects. “They brought the building back to its original life.” |
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Project Summary Balboa Theatre San Diego, Calif. Building Team Submitting firm: Westlake Reed Leskosky (architect, MEP) Owner: Centre City Development Corp. Associate architect/preservation consultant: Heritage Architecture & Planning General contractor: PCL Construction Services Structural engineer: Curry Price Court General Information Area: 45,113 sf Construction cost: $26.5 million Construction time: June 2006 to January 2008 |
